Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Uninterrupted Skin to Skin Contact-Free-Samples for Students
Question: Discuss about the Uninterrupted skin to skin contact between mother and baby immediately after birth. Answer: Introduction Skin to skin contact is termed as direct contact between mothers skin and baby. It helps in comforting the baby or providing proper neonatal care and helping parents to surge the bond with their baby. It is realistic that the bond between mother and the new born baby depend in the early period of postpartum. The unavoidable skin to skin contact between mother and baby is important for both the individuals as it improves physiologic stability and also increases maternal attachment between both of them after birth (Zwedberg, Blomquist Sigerstad, 2015). Skin to skin contact helps in protecting the new born from the side effects of separation from the mother and for perfect development of the child in the initial stage by uplifting the brain development. Skin to skin connection also Improves oxygen saturation in the babys body and helps in assisting the growth by reducing the stress level. The skin to skin contact with baby is proven to reduce the responses of new born from the sufferin g of painful stimuli on the other hand it also reduces the chances of depression and physiological stress of mother in the postpartum period. Which in turn increase feelings and affection of bonding and connectionbetween the two indivuals (Stevens, et. al, 2014). Literature Review According to (Yelland, et. al, 2016), there are several advantages of unavoidable skin to skin contact between mother and new born baby. Babies are breast feed by their mother in initially stage which keeps the skin contact between baby and mother. But in some cases mothers are not able to breastfeed their child due to some reasons. But keeping the baby close to the skin provides happy and healthy life to both the individual. Skin to skin contact is proven to be a good start of relationship whichlasts for a longer run.It is concluded that mothers who keep their new born babies close to their skin after birth have chance of increasing maternal behaviour;it shows more confident relation between mother and child. Skin to skin contact also protects child from negative effects of separation, supports child from brain development (Parratt Fahy, 2017). When the baby comes out of the womb, the initial stage of how to treat the new born is important as it creates the bond with the parents. In the opinion of (Essa Ismail, 2015), the consequence of skin to skin contact after the birth of new born is most vital part of growth. It is the time of building a special relation with mother and baby and provide non stimulating birthing environment. Early Breastfeeding or keeping the child close to the body helps in experiencing the natural behaviour pattern and provide a supporting mothering environment to maintain a secure bond with the child. Research showed that first few months after birth is a very sensitive period as it is an optimal time to produce rooting movement, vocal cues or to develop a mutual relationship with the mother. There are various advantages of keeping the skin in touch continuously between mother and baby: it sorts the mothers life by improving the capability to care for her child; it also reduces the stress of mother and new born by providing a positive long term impact on attachment behaviours. It also regulates the heartbeat, body temperature and brea thing of the new-born (Cooijmans, et. al, 2017). The uninterrupted touch between the skins with provides a calms and relaxing sleep to baby. In the perceptive of World Health Organisation (WHO), the early skin contact is most favourable plus it is optimistic in the situations to avoid danger and assure standard childbirth. It also prevents hypothermia which in turn enhances maternal interaction. This helps the mother to stimulate the delivery of the child as well as avoid the chances of breast cancer. In the early hours connection is a commercial procedure to advance the worth of care and to achieve child Development Goals by improving the health of new born as well as mother. According to studies it is known that the babies at the time of birth are just 1200 g and are more constant metabolically, like the level of blood and amount of sugar baby needs so that it can breathe better if they are kept in skin to skin contact immediately after birth (Brimdyr et. al, 2015). Skin to skin c ontact between mother and baby is quite suitable with other methods used to keep the baby healthy. If the baby is sick or suffering from any respiratory syndrome, the health of baby need not to be compromised but baby skin to skin contact with the mother immediately after birth can keep the child healthy. According to (Chiruvolu, et. al, 2017), welcoming of new born baby in the world has many short term as well as long term consequences. Mothers who hold their new born close to their skin for a longer duration supports in better brain development and enhance attachment between mother and child. According to the hospital protocols uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact support both vaginal and caesarean birth. As when the babies enter the world, the initial time is very special and need to be taken care. The good and early maternal care help in shaping the epigenetic programme of child within the brain which in turn supports the growth of an maturemother by maintain the good maternal care as this feature can be transmitted to the next generation.The separation of mother and new born baby should be carefully considered as it could be harmful for both the individuals. The skin to skin contact of baby supports respiration and oxygenation of new born rises the glucose level and maintain the op timal temperature by reducing stress of hormones. Skin to skin contact gives warmth to baby and also help in regulating blood pressure which in turn also decreases the crying state of baby. Thus, it is concluded that babies after delivery, if kept closer to fathers have tendency of higher temperature (Francais, 2010). In the views of (Moore, et. al, 2016), skin to skin contact enhance the attachment between both the individuals which is necessary for the survival of the new-born baby, it also provides activators that increase maternal care by giving additional care. Hormones known to influence attachment behaviours are increased by skin-to-skin contact. It is very important for new born as oxytocin is one of the hormonesthat have proved to provide relaxation, increaseattraction and provides maternal care that is necessary to ensure long survival. It is proven that mothers who do not keep baby close to their skin in initial period are those who keep their toddlers in nursery. As new born babies first interact with mother and it is necessary for the mother to be in touch with a new-born as it helps in provide excessive medication.It also creates awareness and focuses on strong interaction with mother. Until the moment the umbilical cord is cut, a mother and her baby are literally a single biological organism. In the initial months of post birth, mother and baby are considered as a single psychobiological organism. Mother and new born offspring initially live in a natural state that needs an addiction to increase the bond. In general from the practise it is considered safe and healthy by keeping the child and mother together after birth to ensure unlimited opportunities which are gained by skin-to-skin care and breastfeeding. It is also known that mothers and babies share a physiologic bond which means that both need to stay together during the initial period of birth. Spending the time together helps to improve the outcome of new born baby. Sometimes the separation can be considered due to some reasons but routine separation between mothers and babies can be harmful and can also negatively influence healthy lifestyle of both the individuals. By having skin to skin contact is very beneficial for baby as baby can hear mothers heartbeat and breathing, also can smell and feel the skin which is very comforting (Dickson, et. al, 2015). It also stabilizes babies heart rate, breathing rate, sugar and body temperature, which in turn promotes the bonding with the baby. It decreases the level of stress in mom an d reduces the count of babies cry There is a fact stated by (Bricker, Johnson Stom, 2016), baby after birth needs mother the most and especially skin to skin interaction with the mother. Based on the evidence it is recommended that for healthy mother and babies breast feeding is the preferable method after birth. Oxytocin also increases the skin to skin attachment which reduces the stress and promotes the maternal attachment. If the skin to skin care is delayed or disrupted it may somewhere supress the protection of new born and it may also disturb maternal bonding of the baby. Less bonding between mother and child is seen due to lower attention during feeding or negative response towards baby in initial period after birth. Because at the time of birth babies are highly heighted to the response of mothersdoor and some thermal cues. When the baby is kept close to skin of mothers body, it helps the new born to fulfil the biological needs needed to activateneuron protective mechanisms at early stage.Not only uninterrupted skin to skin contact is helpful for mother as well like when mothers hold their babies close to skin helps in releasing oxytocin (NIH, 2018). Oxytocin is a hormone that helps in contracting the uterus of mother and also mothers brain release beta- endorphin, which is released only at the time of skin to skin contact. Beta endorphin helps mother to respond to new born by reinforcing the plea sure of her interactions and help her feel calm. Other than that by keeping the baby close to mothers skin, also helps mothers to understand babys need by the movement. In the views of (Goodwin. Et. al,2018), it is stated that during skin to skin connection babies initially cry briefly, after some time enter the stage of relaxation. Initially when they open their eyes and find themselves close to mothers body, tend to rest for a little while and become familiar with the skin and smell. This acquaintance period between baby and mothers skin may last for some time, the more time spent closely will enhance their bond. It is tempting as it is the time which helps baby to attach to the mother. Someone trying to interrupt the process unwillingly may lead to problem in babys well-being as it is the fundamental part of postnatal care after birth. For these reasons mother and babies link cannot be overlooked. During initial stage if mother takes drugs can affect the babies growth as well as mother-baby pair (Ecker,et. al, 2015). Conclusion It can be concluded that mother and new born baby need each other after birth as it helps ingaining unlimited opportunities of skin-to-skin care by mother and breastfeeding. It is suggested by many health professionals stated that skin to skin contact supports physiologic need of both mother and baby. It is beneficial for both to have each other after birth as itimproves the short- and long-term health consequences for mothers and offspring. Separation of both the individual should be avoided in initial stage of birth as it may cause some medical complications. It indicates that for safe and healthy growth of child and mother proper care should be taken after birth.Skin to skin connection also helps the baby adjust to the new surrounding outside the mothers womb as this is an important step for supporting mothers todevelop a close, loving and everlasting relationship with baby References Bricker, S., Johnson, R., Stom, C. (2016).Skin-to-skin Contact After Birth to Promote Newborns' Vital Stabilization: An Evidence-Based Project(Doctoral dissertation). Brimdyr, K., Cadwell, K., Widstrm, A. M., Svensson, K., Neumann, M., Hart, E. A., ... Phillips, R. (2015). The association between common labor drugs and suckling when skin?to?skin during the first hour after birth.Birth,42(4), 319-328. Chiruvolu, A., Miklis, K. K., Stanzo, K. C., Petrey, B., Groves, C. G., McCord, K., ... Tolia, V. N. (2017). Effects of Skin-to-Skin Care on Late Preterm and Term Infants At-Risk for Neonatal Hypoglycemia.Pediatric Quality Safety,2(4), e030. Cooijmans, K. H., Beijers, R., Rovers, A. C., de Weerth, C. (2017). Effectiveness of skin-to-skin contact versus care-as-usual in mothers and their full-term infants: study protocol for a parallel-group randomized controlled trial.BMC pediatrics,17(1), 154. Dickson, K. E., Kinney, M. V., Moxon, S. G., Ashton, J., Zaka, N., Simen-Kapeu, A., ... Mathai, M. (2015). Scaling up quality care for mothers and newborns around the time of birth: an overview of methods and analyses of intervention-specific bottlenecks and solutions.BMC pregnancy and childbirth,15(2), S1. Ecker, J. L., Kaimal, A., Mercer, B. M., Blackwell, S. C., DeRegnier, R. A. O., Farrell, R. M., ... Sciscione, A. C. (2017). Periviable Essa, R. M., Ismail, N. I. A. A. (2015). Effect of early maternal/newborn skin-to-skin contact after birth on the duration of third stage of labor and initiation of breastfeeding.Journal of Nursing Education and Practice,5(4), 98. Feldman, R., Rosenthal, Z., Eidelman, A. I. (2014). Maternal-preterm skin-to-skin contact enhances child physiologic organization and cognitive control across the first 10 years of life.Biological psychiatry,75(1), 56-64. Goodwin, L., Taylor, B., Kokab, F., Kenyon, S. (2018). Postnatal care in the context of decreasing length of stay in hospital after birth: The perspectives of community midwives.Midwifery. Moore, E. R., Bergman, N., Anderson, G. C., Medley, N. (2016). Early skin?to?skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants.The Cochrane Library. NIH, (2018), National Institute of Nursing Research, retrieved on 21 February from https://www.ninr.nih.gov/ s. Parratt, J., Fahy, K. (2017). The first 30 minutes after birth: What do Australian women want maternity care providers to know?.Australian Midwifery News,17(2), 56. Stevens, J., Schmied, V., Burns, E., Dahlen, H. (2014). Immediate or early skin?to?skin contact after a Caesarean section: a review of the literature.Maternal child nutrition,10(4), 456-473. Yelland, J., Weetra, D., Stuart?Butler, D., Deverix, J., Leane, C., Ah Kit, J., ... Brown, S. (2016). Primary health care for Aboriginal women and children in the year after birth: findings from a population?based study in South Australia. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 40(5), 418-423. Zwedberg, S., Blomquist, J., Sigerstad, E. (2015). Midwives? experiences with motherinfant skin-to-skin contact after a caesarean section:Fighting an uphill battle.Midwifery,31(1), 215-220
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